The HEBREW SCRIPTURE
As G-D Commanded...
GOD
And God said further to Moses, “So shall you say to the children of Israel, ‘The Lord God of your forefathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you.’ This is My name forever, and this is how I should be mentioned in every generation.
Shemot (Exodus) 3:15
TORAH
The Five Books of Moses, Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. But the word “Torah” can also be used to refer to the entire Jewish bible (the body of scripture known to non-Jews as the Old Testament and to Jews as the Tanakh or Written Torah), or in its broadest sense, to the whole body of Jewish law and teachings.
PEOPLE
The original name for the people we now call Jews was Hebrews. The word “Hebrew” (in Hebrew, “Ivri”) is first used in the Torah to describe Abraham (Gen. 14:13). Another name used for the people is Children of Israel or Israelites, which refers to the fact that the people are descendants of Jacob, who was also called Israel.
LAND
This is the land now known as Israel, named after Abraham’s grandson, whose descendants are the Jewish people. The land is often referred to as the Promised Land because of G-d’s repeated promise (Gen. 12:7, 13:15, 15:18, 17:8) to give the land to the descendants of Abraham.
Because Abraham obeyed My voice, and observed My safeguards, My commandments, My decrees, and My Torahs.”
Bereishit (Genesis) 26:5
248 Positive Commandments (do's) and 365 Negative Commandments (do not's)
1. To know that God exists (Ex. 20:2; Deut. 5:6)
2. Not to entertain the idea that there is any god but the Eternal (Ex. 20: 3)
3. Not to blaspheme (Ex. 22:27-28 ) Cf Lev 24: 16
4. To hallow God’s name (Lev. 22:32)
5. Not to profane God’s name (Lev. 22:32
6. To know that God is One, a complete Unity (Deut. 6:4)
7. To love God (Deut. 6:5)
8. To fear Him reverently (Deut. 6:13; 10:20)
9. Not to put the word of God to the test (Deut. 6:16)
10. To imitate His good and upright ways (Deut. 28:9)
11. To honor the old and the wise (Lev. 19:32)
12. To learn Torah and to teach it (Deut. 6: 7)
13. To cleave to those who know Him (Deut. 10:20)
14. Not to add to the commandments of the Torah.(Deut.13:1)
15. Not to take away from the commandments of the Torah (Deut. 13: 1)
16. That every person shall write a scroll of the Torah for himself (Deut. 31: 19)
17. To circumcise the male offspring (Gen. 17:12; Lev. 12: 3)
18. To put fringes on the corners of clothing (Num. 15:38)
19. To bind God’s Word on the head (Deut. 6:8)
20. To bind God’s Word on the arm (Deut. 6:8)
21. To affix the mezuzah to the door posts and gates of your house (Deut. 6: 9)
22. To pray to God (Ex. 23:25; Deut. 6:13)
23. To read the Shema [lit: The Hearing] in the morning and at night (Deut. 6: 7)
24. To recite grace after meals (Deut. 8: 10)
25. Not to lay down a stone for worship (Lev. 26:1)
26. To love all human beings who are of the covenant (Lev. 19: 18)
27. Not to stand by idly when a human life is in danger (Lev. 19:16)
28. Not to wrong any one in speech (Lev. 25: 17)
29. Not to carry tales (Lev. 19:16)
30. Not to cherish hatred in one’s heart (Lev. 19:17)
31. Not to take revenge (Lev. 19:18)
32. Not to bear a grudge (Lev. 19:18)
33. Not to put any Jew to shame (Lev. 19:17)
34. Not to curse any other Israelite (Lev. 19: 14)
35. Not to give occasion to the simple-minded to stumble on the road (Lev. 19: 14)
(this includes doing anything that will cause another to sin)
36. To rebuke the sinner (Lev. 19:17)
37. To relieve a neighbor of his burden and help to unload his beast (Ex. 23:5)
38. To assist in replacing the load upon a neighbor’s beast (Deut. 22:4)
39. Not to leave a beast, that has fallen down beneath its burden, unaided (Deut. 22:4)
40. Not to afflict an orphan or a widow (Ex. 22:21)
41. Not to reap the entire field (Lev. 19:9; Lev. 23:22)
42. To leave the unreaped corners of the field or orchard for the poor (Lev. 19:9)
43. Not to gather gleanings (the ears that have fallen to the ground while reaping)
(Lev. 19:9)
44. To leave the gleanings for the poor (Lev. 19:9)
45. Not to gather ol’loth (the imperfect clusters) of the vineyard (Lev. 19: 10)
46. To leave ol’loth (the imperfect clusters) of the vineyard for the poor (Lev. 19:10; Deut. 24:21)
47. Not to gather the single grapes that have fallen to the ground (Lev. 19: 10)
48. To leave the single grapes of the vineyard for the poor (Lev. 19:10)
49. Not to return to take a forgotten sheaf (Deut. 24: 19) This applies to all fruit trees (Deut. 24: 20)
50. To leave the forgotten sheaves for the poor (Deut. 24:19-20)
51. Not to refrain from maintaining a poor man and giving him what he needs (Deut. 15:7)
52. To give charity according to one’s means (Deut. 15:11)
53. To love the stranger (Deut. 10:19)
54. Not to wrong the stranger in speech (Ex. 22:20)
55. Not to wrong the stranger in buying or selling (Ex. 22:20)
56. Not to intermarry with gentiles (Deut. 7: 3)
57. To exact the debt of an alien (Deut. 15:3)
58. To lend to an alien at interest (Deut. 23:21)
59. To honor father and mother (Ex, 20:12)
60. Not to smite a father or a mother (Ex. 21:15)
61. Not to curse a father or mother (Ex. 21:17)
62. To reverently fear father and mother (Lev. 19: 3)
63. To be fruitful and multiply (Gen. 1:28)
64. That a eunuch shall not marry a daughter of Israel (Deut. 23: 2)
65. That a bastard [Heb.mamzer = illegitimate son] shall not marry the daughter of a Jew (Deut.23:3)
66. That an Ammonite or Moabite shall never marry the daughter of an Israelite
(Deut. 23:4)
67. Not to exclude a descendant of Esau from the community of Israel for three generations (Deut. 23:8-9)
68. Not to exclude an Egyptian from the community of Israel for three generations (Deut. 23:8-9)
69. That there shall be no harlot (in Israel); that is, that there shall be no intercourse with a woman, without previous marriage with a deed of marriage and formal declaration of marriage (Deut.23:18)
70. To take a wife by the sacrament of marriage (Deut. 24: 1)
71. That the newly married husband shall (be free) for one year to rejoice with his wife (Deut. 24:5)
72. That a bridegroom shall be exempt for a whole year from taking part in any public labor, such as military service, guarding the wall and similar duties (Deut. 24:5)
73. Not to withhold food, clothing or conjugal rights from a wife (Ex. 21: 10)
74. That the woman suspected of adultery shall be dealt with as prescribed in the Torah (Num. 5:30)
75. That one who defames his wife’s honor (by falsely accusing her of unchastity before marriage) must live with her all his lifetime (Deut. 22:19)
76. That a man may not divorce his wife concerning whom he has published an evil report (about her unchastity before marriage) (Deut. 22: 19)
77. To divorce by a formal written document (Deut. 24: 1)
78. That one who divorced his wife shall not remarry her, if after the divorce she had been married to another man (Deut. 24:4)
79. That a widow whose husband died childless must not be married to anyone but her deceased husband’s brother (Deut. 25:5) (this is only in effect insofar as it requires the procedure of release below).
80. To marry the widow of a brother who has died childless (Deut. 25:5)
(this is only in effect insofar as it requires the procedure of release below )
81. That the widow formally release the brother-in-law (if he refuses to marry her) (Deut. 25:7-9)
82. Not to indulge in familiarities with relatives, such as sensual kissing, carnal embracing, or provocative winking which may lead to incest (Lev, 18:6)
83. Not to commit incest with one’s mother (Lev. 18: 7)
84. Not to commit sodomy with one’s father (Lev. 18: 7)
85. Not to commit incest with one’s father’s wife (Lev. 18:8)
86. Not to commit incest with one’s sister (Lev. 18: 9)
87. Not to commit incest with one’s father’s wife’s daughter (Lev. 18:9)
88. Not to commit incest with one’s son’s daughter (Lev. 18: 10)
89. Not to commit incest with one’s daughter’s daughter (Lev. 18:10)
90. Not to commit incest with one’s daughter (this is not explicitly in the Torah but is inferred from other explicit commands that would include it)
91. Not to commit incest with one’s fathers sister (Lev. 18: 12)
92. Not to commit incest with one’s mother’s sister (Lev. 18:13)
93. Not to commit incest with one’s father’s brothers wife (Lev. 18:14)
94. Not to commit sodomy with one’s father’s brother (Lev. 18: 14)
95. Not to commit incest with one’s son’s wife (Lev. 18:15)
96. Not to commit incest with one’s brother’s wife (Lev. 18: 16)
97. Not to commit incest with one’s wife’s daughter (Lev. 18: 17)
98. Not to commit incest with the daughter of one’s wife’s son (Lev. 18: 17)
99. Not to commit incest with the daughter of one’s wife’s daughter (Lev. 18: 17)
100. Not to commit incest with one’s wife’s sister (Lev. 18:18)
101. Not to have intercourse with a woman, in her menstrual period (Lev. 18: 19)
102. Not to have intercourse with another man’s wife (Lev. 18:20)
103. Not to commit sodomy with a male (Lev. 18:22)
104. Not to have intercourse with a beast (Lev. 18:23)
105. That a woman shall not have intercourse with a beast (Lev. 18:23)
106. Not to castrate the male of any species; neither a man, nor a domestic or wild beast, nor a fowl (Lev. 22:24)
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